As geopolitical tensions reshape state priorities and disrupt economic balances, one question arises: can we reconcile security imperatives with climate commitments, or will tough trade-offs be necessary? This opening session will explore the new contours of sovereignty, at the intersection of transition and protection.

What is the right price for a MWh to support a resilient and competitive European ecosystem? How can we avoid both the windfall effect from excessively high prices and the environmental, social, and economic dumping caused by prices that are too low? While Europe is implementing protectionist measures to support its sector, it remains dependent on foreign players for certain key stages. What strategic partnership opportunities are emerging? How can we secure our supply chains while strengthening European content?

For a long time, offshore renewable energy was primarily associated with wind power. Tidal and wave energy remained on the sidelines, seen as promising but still immature. However, in the context of accelerating the energy transition and the need for a diversified energy mix, these technologies are now generating renewed interest. Can we imagine a future for them similar to that of solar energy, which has transformed from a marginal technology to a cornerstone of the energy mix in just two decades? What conditions are necessary for tidal and wave energy to attract investors? And how can energy companies respond?

As the United Kingdom enters a phase of industrialization for floating wind, other regions like the Mediterranean are still in the process of structuring their market — but have favorable sea conditions to test and accelerate technologies that are still in their early stages. How do these contrasting regional dynamics influence the pace of development and the economic models adopted? This roundtable will bring together project developers and institutional stakeholders to identify key floating wind development zones and discuss scalable models at the European and international levels.

As offshore projects move further from the coast and turbines increase in power, technical challenges related to cables and connections are becoming central: reliability over long distances, installation constraints, management of mechanical stresses, integration into smart grids, and the growing complexity of maintenance. In a context of cost pressure and raw material shortages, this session will highlight the major technological barriers that need to be overcome to ensure the continuity and performance of offshore wind farms, from design to operation.

Ports play a central role in the success of offshore renewable energy projects. Their ability to accommodate, assemble, store, and ship oversized components directly affects the pace and competitiveness of industrial deployment. As European ambitions accelerate, ports must tackle challenges related to infrastructure development, investment, and coordination with industrial stakeholders. How can infrastructure be adapted to meet the demands of new projects? What regional cooperation models should be implemented? This session will highlight the strategic role of ports as true industrial platforms for the offshore energy transition.